DAFTAR ISI
PREFACE TO THE SECOND EDITION vii
PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION xi
TABLE OF CONTENT xiii
CHAPTER 1: COMMUNICATION IN HUMANS” SOCIAL LIFE 1
- The Word “Communication” Defined 1
- Human Communication Systems 5
CHAPTER 2: LANGUAGE AND LINGUISTICS 29
- The Word “Language” Defined 29
- The Origin of Language 36
- Language and Linguistics 41
CHAPTER 3: UNDERSTANDING PHONETICS 47
- The Word “Phonetics” Defined 47
- The Production of Segmental Sounds 53
- The Production of Supra-segmental Sounds 65
CHAPTER 4: UNDERSTANDING PHONOLOGY 71
- The Word “Phonology” Defined 71
- Sounds Patterns: Contrastive and Non-Contrastive Sounds 76
- Phonological Rules 83
CHAPTER 5: UNDERSTANDING MORPHOLOGY 93
- The Word “Morphology” Defined 94
- Word Structures: Morphemes 98
- Word Pattern: Inflections 105
- Productive Word Formation 136
CHAPTER 6: UNDERSTANDING SYNTAX 169
- The Word “Syntax” defined 170
- The Concept of Sentence in Approaches to Syntax 172
- The Structure of Sentences 179
CHAPTER 7: UNDERSTANDING SEMANTICS 187
- The Word “Semantics” Defined 188
- Meaning in Words, Phrases, and Sentences 189
- Interpretation of Words, Phrases and Sentences 202
CHAPTER 8: LINGUISTICS IN ENGLISH LANGUAGE TEACHING 209
- The Basic Concept of English Language Teaching and Its Current Trend 209
- English Language Teachers’ Needs for Linguistics 213
REFERENCES 239
ABOUT THE AUTHOR 253
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