HUKUM BISNIS

Daftar Isi

KATA PENGANTAR vii
DAFTAR ISI ix
BAB 1 PENDAHULUAN 1
BAB 2 MEMAHAMI HUKUM 5
A. Pengertian Hukum..............................................................................................................5
B. Subjek dan Objek Hukum................................................................................................6
C. Sumber-sumber Hukum..................................................................................................6
D. Unsur-unsur Hukum........................................................................................................... 7
E. Ciri-ciri Hukum....................................................................................................................... 7
F. Sistem Hukum........................................................................................................................8
BAB 3 MEMAHAMI BISNIS 9
A. Pengertian Bisnis..................................................................................................................9
B. Tujuan Bisnis..........................................................................................................................9
C. Fungsi Organisasi Bisnis.................................................................................................10
D. Pelaku dalam Bisnis...........................................................................................................11
E. Etika Bisnis.............................................................................................................................11
f. Pelaku Kegiatan Ekonomi.............................................................................................. 12
G. Struktur Pasar Persaingan............................................................................................. 13
BAB 4 PENDEKATAN ISTILAH HUKUM BISNIS 17
A. Pendahuluan.........................................................................................................................17
B. Hukum Dagang (Trade Law)..........................................................................................17
C. Hukum Perniagaan (Commercial Law)..................................................................19
D. Hukum Ekonomi (Economic Law).............................................................................19
E. Hukum Bisnis (Business Law)....................................................................................20
BAB 5 BENTUK ORGANISASI BISNIS 23
A. Perseroan Terbatas............................................................................................................23
B. Firma.........................................................................................................................................25
C. Perseroan Komanditer (Commanditaire Vennootsschap/CV).................27
D. Perusahaan Patungan (Joint Venture).................................................................. 28
E. Koperasi................................................................................................................................. 28
F. Badan Usaha Milik Negara.............................................................................................34
g. Yayasan................................................................................................................................... 36
H. Pendaftaran Perusahaan................................................................................................37
I. Surat Izin Usaha Perdagangan (SIUP).....................................................................42
BAB 6 HUBUNGAN-HUBUNGAN BISNIS 45
A. Pendahuluan........................................................................................................................45
B. Agen..........................................................................................................................................45
C. Waralaba................................................................................................................................ 46
D. Bangun Guna Serah (Build, Operate, Transfer/BOT)....................................... 51
E. Penggabungan Perseroan (Joint Venture)...........................................................52
BAB 7 KONTRAK BISNIS 55
A. Pengertian.............................................................................................................................55
B. Asas-asas Kontrak..............................................................................................................55
C. Syarat Sah Suatu Kontrak............................................................................................. 56
D. Hapusnya Suatu Kontrak...............................................................................................57
E. Prestasi dan Wanprestasi dalam Suatu Kontrak............................................. 62
F. Force Majeure dalam Suatu Kontrak..................................................................... 63
G. Penyelesaian Sengketa Kontrak................................................................................ 63
H. Garis Besar dari Suatu Kontrak.................................................................................. 64
BAB 8 TRANSAKSI DALAM BISNIS 67
A. Jual Beli.................................................................................................................................. 67
B. Tukar-Menukar...................................................................................................................69
C. Sewa-Menyewa...................................................................................................................69
BAB 9 SURAT BERHARGA 71
A. Pendahuluan........................................................................................................................ 71
B. Surat Wesel........................................................................................................................... 71
C. Surat Sanggup (Order).....................................................................................................74
D. Cek..............................................................................................................................................74
E. Bilyet Giro...............................................................................................................................77
F. Surat Berharga Komersial............................................................................................. 79
BAB 10 LEMBAGA PEMBIAYAAN DANAN PENJAMINAN 83
A. Landasan Hukum............................................................................................................... 83
B. Ruang Lingkup Lembaga Pembiayaan.................................................................. 83
C. Pedoman Pendirian Perusahaan Pembiayaan...................................................87
D. Sewa Guna Usaha (Leasing).........................................................................................89
E. Modal Ventura (Venture Capital).............................................................................. 92
F. Anjak Piutang (Factoring)............................................................................................ 94
G. Usaha Kartu Kredit (Credit Card).............................................................................. 94
H. Pembiayaan Konsumen (Concumer Finance)....................................................97
I. Penjaminan...........................................................................................................................97
BAB 11 PERKREDITAN 103
A. Landasan Hukum.............................................................................................................103
B. Pengertian Kredit............................................................................................................103
C. Unsur-Unsur Kredit........................................................................................................104
D. Tujuan Kredit......................................................................................................................104
E. Fungsi Kredit......................................................................................................................105
F. Manfaat Perkreditan.....................................................................................................106
G. Prinsip-prinsip Perkreditan.......................................................................................108
H. Kebijakan dalam Perkreditan...................................................................................108
I. Asas Penetapan Kebijaksanaan Perkreditan....................................................110
J. Hukum Proses Perkreditan.........................................................................................110
K. Pengawasan Kredit.......................................................................................................... 113
L. Penanganan Kredit Bermasalah.............................................................................. 115
BAB 12 HUKUM JAMINAN 119
A. Pendahuluan...................................................................................................................... 119
B. Jenis Jaminan...................................................................................................................... 119
C. Hak Tanggungan...............................................................................................................122
D. Hipotek................................................................................................................................. 129
E. Jaminan Fidusia................................................................................................................130
BAB 13 HAK MILIK INTELEKTUAL 135
A. Pengertian...........................................................................................................................135
B. Hak Cipta..............................................................................................................................135
C. Merek..................................................................................................................................... 140
D. Paten.......................................................................................................................................145
E. Desain Industri.................................................................................................................. 156
F. Rahasia Dagang.................................................................................................................157
BAB 14 LISENSI 159
A. Pendahuluan..................................................................................................................... 159
B. Pemberlakuan Lisensi................................................................................................... 159
C. Proses Permohonan Pencatatan Perjanjian Lisensi....................................160
D. Lisensi Hak Cipta...............................................................................................................161
E. Lisensi Merek..................................................................................................................... 163
F. Lisensi Paten...................................................................................................................... 164
BAB 15 HUKUM KETENAGAKERJAAN 167
A. Pengertian...........................................................................................................................167
B. Hubungan Kerja.................................................................................................................167
C. Hubungan Industrial.....................................................................................................169
D. Perlindungan Tenaga Kerja..........................................................................................171
E. Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja.........................................................................173
F. Pengupahan Pekerja.......................................................................................................173
G. Kesejahteraan Pekerja................................................................................................... 174
H. Mogok Kerja.........................................................................................................................175
I. Penutupan Perusahaan (Lock Out).......................................................................175
J. Pemutusan Hubungan Kerja......................................................................................175
K. Para Pihak Dalam Hukum Ketenagakerjaan.....................................................177
L. Aspek-Aspek Hukum Ketenagakerjaan di Indonesia................................... 181
BAB 16 HUKUM KEPAILITAN 195
A. Pengertian.......................................................................................................................... 195
B. Asas-asas Kepailitan...................................................................................................... 195
C. Syarat Putusan Pailit.....................................................................................................196
D. Pihak yang Dapat Dinyatakan Pailit.......................................................................197
E. Pihak yang Dapat Mengajukan Permohonan Pailit.....................................198
F. Pihak yang Terlibat dalam Pengurusan Harta Pailit....................................198
G. Dampak Kepailitan........................................................................................................200
H. Tahapan Permohonan Kepailitan...........................................................................202
I. Upaya Hukum Terhadap Putusan Pailit............................................................. 205
BAB 17 HUKUM INVESTASI DAN PENANAMAN MODAL 207
A. Pengertian..........................................................................................................................207
B. Asas Penanaman Modal...............................................................................................207
C. Tujuan Penanaman Modal.........................................................................................208
D. Hak, Kewajiban, dan Tanggung Jawab Penanam Modal...........................209
E. Penanaman Modal Dalam Negeri.........................................................................209
F. Penanaman Modal Asing.............................................................................................210
BAB 18 PERIZINAN DALAM BISNIS 213
A. Pengantar.............................................................................................................................213
B. Landasan Hukum..............................................................................................................214
C. Kebijakan Pengelolaan Perizinan............................................................................215
D. Surat Izin Usaha Perdagangan (SIUP)...................................................................215
E. Izin Usaha Industri..........................................................................................................220
F. Perizinan Bidang Pertambangan Mineral dan Batubara...........................224
G. Izin Prinsip Penanaman Modal................................................................................225
H. Perizinan Rumah Sakit................................................................................................. 227
BAB 19 PERUSAHAAN GO PUBLIC DAN PASAR MODAL 231
A. Landasan Hukum..............................................................................................................231
B. Pelaku dalam Pasar Modal..........................................................................................231
C. Manfaat Go Public bagi Suatu Perusahaan.......................................................235
D. Persyaratan Go Public bagi Suatu Perusahaan............................................... 237
E. Persiapan Awal Go Public bagi Suatu Perusahaan........................................238
F. Proses Go Public bagi Suatu Perusahaan.......................................................... 240
G. Pemeriksaan di Bidang Pasar Modal....................................................................242
H. Perusahaan Tertutup dan Perusahaan Terbuka.............................................244
BAB 20 PERLINDUNGAN KONSUMEN 247
A. Pengertian.......................................................................................................................... 247
B. Azas Perlindungan Konsumen................................................................................. 247
C. Tujuan Perlindungan Konsumen............................................................................248
D. Hak dan Kewajiban Konsumen................................................................................248
E. Hak dan Kewajiban Pelaku Usaha..........................................................................249
F. Perbuatan yang Dilarang bagi Pelaku Usaha.................................................. 250
G. Tanggung Jawab Pelaku Usaha................................................................................253
H. Badan Penyelesaian Sengketa Konsumen........................................................255
BAB 21 ANTI MONOPOLI 257
A. Pengertian..........................................................................................................................257
B. Perjanjian yang Dilarang bagi Pelaku Usaha....................................................257
C. Kegiatan yang Dilarang bagi Pelaku Usaha.....................................................260
D. Posisi Dominan oleh Pelaku Usaha.......................................................................262
E. Komisi Pengawas Persaingan Usaha....................................................................262
BAB 22 MERGER, AKUISISI, KONSOLIDASI 265
A. Landasan Hukum.............................................................................................................265
B. Merger...................................................................................................................................265
C. Akuisisi................................................................................................................................. 266
D. Konsolidasi.........................................................................................................................267
E. Divestitur dan Spin-Off............................................................................................... 268
F. Syarat Penggabungan, Peleburan, dan Pengambilalihan........................ 268
G. Tata Cara Penggabungan.............................................................................................270
H. Tata Cara Peleburan....................................................................................................... 273
I. Tata Cara Pengambilalihan........................................................................................ 274
BAB 23 HUKUM PENGANGKUTAN 277
A. Landasan Hukum............................................................................................................. 277
B. Pengangkutan Darat......................................................................................................278
C. Pengangkutan Laut.......................................................................................................280
D. Pengangkutan Udara.....................................................................................................285
E. Prinsip Tanggung Jawab Hukum dalam Pengangkutan........................... 288
F. Asas-asas Hukum Pengangkutan.......................................................................... 289
BAB 24 HUKUM ASURANSI 293
A. Landasan Hukum.............................................................................................................293
B. Pengertian Asuransi.......................................................................................................293
C. Unsur-unsur Asuransi...................................................................................................294
D. Isi Polis..................................................................................................................................294
E. Jenis Usaha Perasuransian.........................................................................................295
F. Objek Asuransi................................................................................................................. 296
G. Jenis Asuransi....................................................................................................................297
H. Risiko dalam Asuransi...................................................................................................297
I. Prinsip-prinsip Asuransi............................................................................................. 298
BAB 25 ASPEK PAJAK DALAM BISNIS 299
A. Landasan Hukum............................................................................................................ 299
B. Definisi Pajak.....................................................................................................................300
C. Fungsi Pajak.......................................................................................................................300
D. Pengelompokan Pajak.................................................................................................300
E. Syarat Pemungutan Pajak..........................................................................................301
F. Pajak Penghasilan.......................................................................................................... 302
G. Pajak Pertambahan Nilai Barang dan Jasa dan Pajak
Penjualan Atas Barang Mewah................................................................................307
H. Pajak Bumi dan Bangunan........................................................................................309
I. Pajak Daerah dan Retribusi Daerah....................................................................... 311
J. Pajak atas Bea Meterai................................................................................................. 319
K. Kedudukan Hukum Pajak............................................................................................321
BAB 26 HUKUM PERBANKAN 323
A. Landasan Hukum.............................................................................................................323
B. Landasan Pengaturan Perbankan..........................................................................323
C. Pengertian Perbankan..................................................................................................324
D. Asas, Fungsi, dan Tujuan Perbankan.....................................................................324
E. Jenis Bank...........................................................................................................................324
F. Bentuk Hukum Suatu Bank.......................................................................................328
G. Pengertian Hukum Perbankan................................................................................328
H. Prinsip-prinsip Hukum Perbankan........................................................................329
BAB 27 HUKUM TINDAK PIDANA PENCUCIAN UANG 331
A. Pendahuluan......................................................................................................................331
B. Ruang Lingkup Tindak Pidana Pencucian Uang..............................................331
C. Bentuk Tindak Pidana Pencucian Uang..............................................................332
D. Sanksi Tindak Pidana Pencucian Uang................................................................333
E. Pusat Pelaporan dan Analisis Transaksi Keuangan......................................334
BAB 28 HUKUM PERDAGANGAN INTERNASIONAL 337
A. Pengertian Hukum Bisnis Internasional............................................................ 337
B. Jenis-jenis Perdagangan Internasional.............................................................. 337
C. Metode Menjalankan Bisnis Internasional.......................................................339
D. Kebijakan Perdagangan Luar Negeri................................................................... 340
E. Penentuan Tarif.................................................................................................................341
F. Dumping dan Anti-Dumping....................................................................................346
G. Larangan Pemberian Susbsidi................................................................................. 350
BAB 29 PENYELESAIAN SENGKETA 355
A. Pengertian..........................................................................................................................355
B. Alternatif Penyelesaian Sengketa..........................................................................355
C. Lembaga Penyelesaian Sengketa di Indonesia...............................................358
BAB 30 PENYELESAIAN SENGKETA BISNIS MELALUI ARBITRASE 361
A. Pendahuluan..................................................................................................................... 361
B. Pihak yang Terlibat dalam Arbitrase..................................................................... 361
C. Sengketa yang Dapat Diselesaikan Melalui Arbitrase................................362
D. Syarat Penyelesaian Sengketa Melalui Arbitrase..........................................363
E. Acara Penyelesaian Sengketa Melalui Arbitrase............................................365
F. Putusan Arbitrase........................................................................................................... 368
BAB 31 PERDAGANGAN SECARA ELEKTRONIK (E-COMMERCE) 371
A. Pendahuluan......................................................................................................................371
B. Pengertian...........................................................................................................................371
C. Manfaat E-Commerce....................................................................................................371
D. E-Commerce dalam Hubungan dengan Hukum Kontrak......................... 372
DAFTAR PUSTAKA 373
PARA PENULIS 377